2012年12月4日(ri)，黨(dang)中央(yang)(yang)(yang)制定(ding)(ding)實(shi)施(shi)中央(yang)(yang)(yang)八項規(gui)定(ding)(ding)，這是(shi)我們黨(dang)在新(xin)時代的徙木(mu)立信之(zhi)舉，是(shi)全(quan)面從嚴(yan)(yan)治黨(dang)的破題之(zhi)策。在中央(yang)(yang)(yang)八項規(gui)定(ding)(ding)出臺后，黨(dang)中央(yang)(yang)(yang)不斷推進其制度化、常態化發展，在實(shi)踐過程中形成更(geng)具(ju)普遍指導意義的中央(yang)(yang)(yang)八項規(gui)定(ding)(ding)精(jing)神(shen)，成為新(xin)時代加強黨(dang)的作(zuo)風(feng)建設的重要抓手。它(ta)不僅是(shi)改(gai)進工作(zuo)作(zuo)風(feng)的一項制度，更(geng)是(shi)一場從思想到行動(dong)、從“關鍵少(shao)數”到“廣大黨(dang)員、干(gan)部”的自我革命(ming)。正是(shi)深(shen)入貫徹落實(shi)中央(yang)(yang)(yang)八項規(gui)定(ding)(ding)精(jing)神(shen)這一重大舉措，黨(dang)的十八大以來，以小(xiao)切口撬動(dong)了大變革，黨(dang)的作(zuo)風(feng)建設取(qu)得(de)重大成效，推進全(quan)面從嚴(yan)(yan)治黨(dang)向縱(zong)深(shen)發展。

中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)項規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)精(jing)神(shen)與中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)項規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)一(yi)脈相承(cheng)。中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)項規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)是中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)項規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)精(jing)神(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)源頭(tou)，中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)項規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)精(jing)神(shen)是中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)項規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延伸。中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)項規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)是2012年12月中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)政治局(ju)(ju)(ju)會議審議通過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，適用于中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)政治局(ju)(ju)(ju)全(quan)體(ti)同志。它強調從(cong)黨和(he)國家領導機關做起，從(cong)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)領導同志做起，帶頭(tou)轉(zhuan)變(bian)作風(feng)(feng)(feng)。中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)項規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)主要(yao)從(cong)調查研究、會議文(wen)風(feng)(feng)(feng)、出(chu)訪安排、公務接待等(deng)方面提(ti)出(chu)了(le)八(ba)(ba)(ba)條(tiao)“鐵(tie)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)矩”“硬杠杠”。中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)項規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)精(jing)神(shen)，則是對中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)項規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)內(nei)在(zai)要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拓(tuo)展(zhan)和(he)升(sheng)華，是一(yi)種更具普遍(bian)性、指導性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作風(feng)(feng)(feng)建設(she)要(yao)求(qiu)，不再局(ju)(ju)(ju)限于中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)政治局(ju)(ju)(ju)層(ceng)面，而是向全(quan)體(ti)黨員、干部(bu)提(ti)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)項規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)精(jing)神(shen)不僅僅是對中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)項規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)內(nei)容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)執(zhi)行(xing)，更體(ti)現(xian)了(le)一(yi)種思想自覺(jue)、行(xing)動自覺(jue)，是全(quan)黨作風(feng)(feng)(feng)建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“風(feng)(feng)(feng)向標”和(he)“指南(nan)針”。

中央八項(xiang)規定(ding)精(jing)神(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)核心在于反(fan)對(dui)“四(si)(si)風(feng)(feng)”。進(jin)(jin)入新時代(dai)，面對(dui)世情(qing)(qing)、國情(qing)(qing)、黨情(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)(shen)刻變化(hua)，精(jing)神(shen)懈怠危(wei)險(xian)(xian)、能力不足危(wei)險(xian)(xian)、脫離(li)群眾危(wei)險(xian)(xian)、消(xiao)極(ji)腐敗危(wei)險(xian)(xian)更(geng)加(jia)尖銳地擺(bai)在全黨面前(qian)，黨內脫離(li)群眾的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象大量存(cun)在，一些(xie)問(wen)(wen)題還相當嚴(yan)重，這(zhe)(zhe)集中表現(xian)在形(xing)式(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)、官僚(liao)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)、享(xiang)樂主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)和(he)奢(she)靡之風(feng)(feng)這(zhe)(zhe)“四(si)(si)風(feng)(feng)”上。習近平總(zong)書(shu)記指(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)，“四(si)(si)風(feng)(feng)”是(shi)違背我們黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)質(zhi)和(he)宗旨的(de)(de)(de)(de)，是(shi)當前(qian)群眾深(shen)(shen)惡痛絕(jue)、反(fan)映最(zui)強(qiang)(qiang)烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題，也是(shi)損害黨群干群關系的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)根源(yuan)。黨內存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)(de)其他(ta)(ta)問(wen)(wen)題都與這(zhe)(zhe)“四(si)(si)風(feng)(feng)”有關，或者說是(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)“四(si)(si)風(feng)(feng)”衍生出(chu)(chu)(chu)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)。“四(si)(si)風(feng)(feng)”問(wen)(wen)題解決好了，黨內其他(ta)(ta)一些(xie)問(wen)(wen)題解決起來也就有了更(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)條件。反(fan)對(dui)形(xing)式(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)，強(qiang)(qiang)調真抓實干，杜絕(jue)表面文章、虛假(jia)政(zheng)績(ji)。反(fan)對(dui)官僚(liao)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)，要(yao)求密切(qie)聯系群眾，克服高高在上、脫離(li)實際的(de)(de)(de)(de)作風(feng)(feng)。反(fan)對(dui)享(xiang)樂主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)，倡(chang)導艱(jian)苦(ku)奮斗、吃苦(ku)在前(qian)，反(fan)對(dui)貪圖安逸(yi)、追(zhui)求奢(she)華。反(fan)對(dui)奢(she)靡之風(feng)(feng)，堅持勤儉節(jie)約，反(fan)對(dui)鋪張浪費、公款(kuan)吃喝等不正(zheng)之風(feng)(feng)。這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)精(jing)神(shen)體現(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)黨對(dui)作風(feng)(feng)問(wen)(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)(de)高度重視，以及(ji)通過改進(jin)(jin)作風(feng)(feng)、優(you)化(hua)政(zheng)治生態，從而增強(qiang)(qiang)黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)執政(zheng)基礎和(he)群眾信任度的(de)(de)(de)(de)戰略(lve)意圖。

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質在(zai)于倡(chang)(chang)導(dao)厲行(xing)(xing)(xing)勤儉節約(yue)、反(fan)對奢(she)侈浪費和奢(she)靡(mi)之(zhi)風(feng)(feng)、提(ti)倡(chang)(chang)廉潔(jie)從(cong)政以(yi)及堅(jian)持務(wu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)作(zuo)(zuo)風(feng)(feng)等。與這些相(xiang)違(wei)背的(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)，即被視為(wei)(wei)(wei)違(wei)反(fan)了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)。自(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)提(ti)出(chu)以(yi)來，查處違(wei)反(fan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)問題的(de)內容(rong)在(zai)不(bu)(bu)斷調整(zheng)變化(hua)(hua)，但(dan)是作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一種(zhong)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)，它從(cong)來就是一以(yi)貫之(zhi)的(de)。其主要(yao)(yao)(yao)體(ti)現如下：一是強(qiang)(qiang)調以(yi)上率下，以(yi)身作(zuo)(zuo)則。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)首先體(ti)現在(zai)領(ling)導(dao)干(gan)部(bu)(bu)特(te)別是高(gao)級(ji)(ji)干(gan)部(bu)(bu)的(de)帶頭作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)上，強(qiang)(qiang)調領(ling)導(dao)干(gan)部(bu)(bu) “打鐵(tie)必須自(zi)身硬(ying)”，要(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)改進(jin)作(zuo)(zuo)風(feng)(feng)方(fang)(fang)面發揮“頭雁(yan)效(xiao)應”。為(wei)(wei)(wei)此，黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)多次(ci)出(chu)臺細(xi)化(hua)(hua)措施，督(du)促各(ge)級(ji)(ji)黨委認真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)履行(xing)(xing)(xing)主體(ti)責任，推動(dong)(dong)管黨治(zhi)黨責任落實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)到(dao)位(wei)。二(er)是強(qiang)(qiang)調求(qiu)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)務(wu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，聯系實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)反(fan)對空談政治(zhi)，強(qiang)(qiang)調實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)是、立(li)說立(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)各(ge)級(ji)(ji)領(ling)導(dao)干(gan)部(bu)(bu)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)正(zheng)沉下心(xin)來研究(jiu)問題、解決矛(mao)盾，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)正(zheng)了解民意(yi)、解決問題，而不(bu)(bu)是搞作(zuo)(zuo)秀式調研、走過(guo)場。三是強(qiang)(qiang)調簡(jian)潔(jie)高(gao)效(xiao)，注(zhu)重實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)推動(dong)(dong)精(jing)(jing)簡(jian)會議文件，倡(chang)(chang)導(dao)短平(ping)快的(de)會議制度(du)(du)(du)和實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)性文件等舉措，提(ti)高(gao)決策(ce)效(xiao)率，減(jian)輕基層(ceng)負(fu)擔。四(si)是強(qiang)(qiang)調從(cong)嚴(yan)(yan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)范，不(bu)(bu)打折扣。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)嚴(yan)(yan)控違(wei)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)吃喝、公(gong)務(wu)接待、公(gong)車私用(yong)等行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)，各(ge)級(ji)(ji)黨政機(ji)關嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)接待標(biao)準(zhun)，嚴(yan)(yan)禁(jin)超標(biao)準(zhun)接待，厲行(xing)(xing)(xing)節約(yue)、反(fan)對浪費，嚴(yan)(yan)禁(jin)公(gong)款(kuan)送禮，使節儉成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)常(chang)(chang)態(tai)。五是強(qiang)(qiang)調常(chang)(chang)態(tai)長效(xiao)，動(dong)(dong)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)碰(peng)硬(ying)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)僅提(ti)出(chu)了行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)準(zhun)則，還通(tong)過(guo)制度(du)(du)(du)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)監督(du)、問責機(ji)制，推動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)風(feng)(feng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)持續深化(hua)(hua)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)紀委國家監委建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)“四(si)風(feng)(feng)”問題線索(suo)直(zhi)(zhi)查快辦機(ji)制，持續通(tong)報(bao)曝光(guang)典型案例。群眾監督(du)也成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)推動(dong)(dong)落實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)力量，互聯網舉報(bao)平(ping)臺、“四(si)風(feng)(feng)”隨手拍等方(fang)(fang)式讓監督(du)更廣泛更直(zhi)(zhi)接。六是強(qiang)(qiang)調固(gu)化(hua)(hua)成(cheng)果，形(xing)成(cheng)機(ji)制。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)深化(hua)(hua)推動(dong)(dong)了一系列作(zuo)(zuo)風(feng)(feng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)制度(du)(du)(du)的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)和完善，為(wei)(wei)(wei)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)作(zuo)(zuo)風(feng)(feng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)提(ti)供了制度(du)(du)(du)保障。各(ge)地也根據實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際探索(suo)形(xing)成(cheng)符(fu)合本地特(te)色(se)的(de)制度(du)(du)(du)安排，使中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)從(cong)“被動(dong)(dong)約(yue)束”轉化(hua)(hua)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“主動(dong)(dong)踐行(xing)(xing)(xing)”。

貫(guan)徹落實(shi)(shi)中央八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規定精神，是黨(dang)(dang)(dang)在(zai)新時代全(quan)面從嚴治黨(dang)(dang)(dang)進程中的重(zhong)大舉措(cuo)。它不僅整頓了(le)干(gan)(gan)部(bu)隊伍(wu)作風(feng)，重(zhong)塑了(le)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)和政(zheng)府(fu)形象(xiang)，更為(wei)深化(hua)(hua)改革、推動發展(zhan)營造了(le)風(feng)清氣正的政(zheng)治生態。更重(zhong)要的是，中央八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規定精神已(yi)成為(wei)人民群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)觀察干(gan)(gan)部(bu)、評(ping)價(jia)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)的一個“風(feng)向(xiang)標”。群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)看(kan)到干(gan)(gan)部(bu)少(shao)了(le)“架子”、多(duo)了(le)“親民”，少(shao)了(le)“空話”、多(duo)了(le)“實(shi)(shi)干(gan)(gan)”，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)群(qun)(qun)干(gan)(gan)群(qun)(qun)關系更加密切(qie)。當前，中央八(ba)項(xiang)(xiang)規定精神已(yi)經(jing)走向(xiang)常態化(hua)(hua)、制度化(hua)(hua)、規范(fan)化(hua)(hua)。它所(suo)體現的實(shi)(shi)事求是、廉潔自律、服(fu)務群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)、擔當作為(wei)的作風(feng)標準，必將(jiang)繼續引領廣(guang)大黨(dang)(dang)(dang)員干(gan)(gan)部(bu)砥礪初心、踐行使(shi)命，為(wei)實(shi)(shi)現強(qiang)國建(jian)設、民族復興偉業提供堅強(qiang)作風(feng)保障。

解讀專家(jia)：宋福范，中央黨(dang)(dang)校（國(guo)家(jia)行政學院）黨(dang)(dang)的(de)建(jian)設教(jiao)研部教(jiao)授(shou)

來源：共產黨員網